Student Loan Overhaul Finalized Amidst Rising Salaries and AI-Driven Entry-Level Job Shifts
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The post-inflation job market has been especially hard for new grads, but there are ways they can help themselves prepare for the search
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CNBCIt's a challenging labor market for those just starting out, and new job seekers will likely have to recalibrate their earning potential.
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As the artificial intelligence boom reshapes the workforce, some large employers have said they're replacing entry-level positions with AI in order to streamline operations and cut costs. Concerns about the economy and persistent inflation are also causing some companies to put hiring plans on hold.
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FortuneWhile fresh-faced grads are throwing their hats in the ring for a job at the world’s biggest companies, they could have a good shot at small businesses ramping up hiring. And some of the jobs that they’re recruiting the most for could stand the test of time in the AI revolution.
MarketWatchThe hiring landscape is tough right now, especially for younger workers and those in white-collar fields. As artificial intelligence continues to evolve, more than 90,000 tech employees across at least 98 companies have been laid off so far this year according to Layoffs.fyi, a project by startup founder Roger Lee tracking layoffs in the tech sector.
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The return on investment of postsecondary education has increasingly become a hot-button topic as many young people have confronted a grim reality: the decades-old promise that a college degree unlocks a high-paying job isn’t true for everyone.
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CNBCAmid a shaky job market, rising tuition and ballooning student loan balances, more young adults are questioning whether a college degree is worth it, several studies show. At the same time, students across majors overestimated the future value of their degrees, Clever found.
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Starting salaries for new grads, or adults between the ages of 20-24, at small- and medium-sized businesses have bumped up as well, averaging $65,734 for the Class of 2026, up from 62,801 a year ago, according to data from payroll provider Gusto.
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FortuneAbout 974,000 recent graduates aged 20 to 24 will be hired at small businesses (firms with one to 49 employees) during the 2026 hiring season, from April through September, according to a recent report from payroll and benefits platform Gusto. It’s a small bump from last year’s onboarding of 962,000 early-career workers, but the market has still not fully returned to the COVID years of 2020 to 2022, when employers went on a hiring blitz. Still, there’s also been improvement with net new grad job creation; it’s crept up from a low of 60,000 in 2023 to over 100,000 in 2026.
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Many graduate students rely on loans to fund their education, he says, so the loan limits may make it difficult for students in some programs to cover their expenses with only federal loans.
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FortuneEarlier this month, the Department of Education proposed a new rule that would cut off federal student loan access to college programs whose students earn too little after they graduate. For undergraduate programs, those diploma holders would generally need to earn at least as much as young workers with only a high school degree. For graduate programs, graduates would need to beat a benchmark based on workers with only a bachelor’s degree. In certain cases, programs that fall short could also lose access to Pell Grants.
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The Department of Education on Thursday finalized the student loan overhaul introduced in President Donald Trump's "big beautiful bill," also known as the Working Families Tax Cuts Act, which was signed into law in July.
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FortuneTrump’s One Big Beautiful Bill is rewriting higher education finance The new rule stems from President Donald Trump’s One Big Beautiful Bill and could be finalized as early as July 1. IRS data would be used to calculate the median earnings of graduates and determine if the programs are leaving graduates better off financially than before they started. Programs would have to fail the earnings test in two out of three years before losing federal loan eligibility. In the meantime, flagged programs would be required to notify current and prospective students of their “low earning outcome” status.
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"This final rule will help ensure students can access higher education without racking up excessive loan debt, offer repayment options that better serve borrowers, and force institutions to reduce costs," Under Secretary of Education Nicholas Kent said in a press release.
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FortuneUnder Secretary of Education Nicholas Kent said in a press release the new proposal will expand accountability—and will result in taxpayers not having to subsidize postsecondary education programs that leave graduates in a financial hole.
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Other changes are coming to college financing system alongside the earnings rule. Beginning July 1, 2026, the Grad PLUS loan program, which will mark its 20th anniversary this July and allowed graduate students to borrow up to the full cost of attendance, is being phased out. New limits will take effect: professional students, which includes select fields such as pharmacy, dentistry, law, and medicine, may borrow up to $50,000 per year, with a lifetime cap of $200,000 in federal unsubsidized loans. Other graduate students, including those in nursing, accounting, and education, may borrow up to $20,500 per year, with a lifetime limit of $100,000.
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CNBCThe new rule also puts in place an aggregate lifetime loan limit of $257,500, which includes undergraduate loans and some grad PLUS loans. Borrowers who retain eligibility for grad PLUS loans by staying continuously enrolled in their program will not be subject to the new aggregate limit during their exemption period of up to three years, or their expected time to credential, whichever is shorter.
5 details only one outlet reported
Independent claims that didn't surface elsewhere in our corpus. Treat as supplementary — not corroborated across outlets.
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01 MarketWatch This year’s graduating class is entering a low-hire job market that, in the post-inflation era, has remained especially difficult for young, college-educated workers.
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02 CNBC Yet, the average starting salary for recent graduates is $56,153, Clever found, a difference of nearly $24,000.
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03 Fortune Colleges and universities may soon have to give students a blunt warning: some of their programs might not pay off.
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04 RealClearMarkets President Trump's Department of Labor promotes apprenticeships as alternatives to college, with those who complete earning $86,000 average starting salaries. Read Full Article »
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05 Washington Times Business Teachers are using it to create lesson plans and grade papers. Marketing professionals are harnessing it to work a room and learn about the needs of potential clients. Product managers are asking AI to serve as an interpreter when technical conversations went over their heads in meetings.
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